Why Do Teeth Become Sensitive? Common Causes and Treatment

Tooth sensitivity is a common dental problem. Some people feel a sudden sharp sensation when they eat or drink something hot, cold, sweet or acidic. Sensitivity can also occur while brushing or when breathing in cold air.

Although occasional sensitivity may be temporary, frequent or severe sensitivity should be evaluated by a dentist.

What Causes Tooth Sensitivity?

Tooth sensitivity can have several causes, including:

• Enamel wear or erosion
• Gum recession
• Tooth decay or cavities
• Cracked or damaged teeth
• Worn or damaged fillings
• Brushing too hard
• Frequent consumption of acidic foods and drinks
• Teeth grinding or clenching

When the protective enamel becomes thinner or the gum moves away from the tooth, the underlying dentin may become exposed. This can make the tooth more sensitive to temperature and other stimuli.

What Does Tooth Sensitivity Feel Like?

You may experience a short, sharp pain when:

• Drinking cold water or hot beverages
• Eating ice cream or other cold foods
• Having sweet or acidic foods
• Brushing your teeth
• Breathing cold air

The symptoms can vary depending on the cause.

How Can You Reduce Tooth Sensitivity?

Some simple habits can help protect sensitive teeth:

• Use a soft-bristled toothbrush.
• Avoid brushing with excessive force.
• Brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste.
• Reduce frequent consumption of acidic foods and drinks.
• Maintain regular dental check-ups.
• Follow your dentist's advice if sensitivity continues.

When Should You Visit a Dentist?

If sensitivity is frequent, severe, getting worse, or limited to one particular tooth, it is important to have it checked. Sensitivity can sometimes be associated with cavities, cracks, gum problems or other dental conditions that require treatment.

A dentist can examine the teeth and gums and identify the underlying cause before recommending appropriate treatment.

Treatment for Sensitive Teeth

Treatment depends on the cause. Your dentist may recommend products or procedures to reduce sensitivity, treat gum problems, repair a damaged tooth, or address decay or other underlying conditions.

Conclusion

Tooth sensitivity should not always be ignored, especially when it happens regularly. Good oral hygiene, gentle brushing and regular dental check-ups can help maintain healthy teeth and gums.